PART THREE
Challenges Faced by Bangladeshi Internationals
Many international students from Bangladesh choose the UK as their preferred destination more than any other place. Qualified international students from Bangladesh typically pursue their studies in the UK because of its renowned education and opportunity to experience diverse cultures. However, they encounter various challenges during their time in the UK that can impact both their academic journey and personal lives. This article explores the significant obstacles Bangladeshi international students face in the UK.
1. Financial Constraints
The primary challenge Bangladeshi students face in the UK is the high tuition fees they must pay. However, they are significantly more costly, resulting in international students incurring fees of tens of thousands of pounds annually. The living expenses in the UK, especially for those who study and reside in cities like London, can be overwhelming. Many Bangladeshi students experience this reality, as they come from a middle-class background, relying on family savings, loans, or scholarships to fund their education. Fluctuations in currency exchange rates and shifts in economic conditions exacerbate their financial situation, leading to challenges in covering essential needs such as housing, food, and transportation.
2. Visa and Immigration Issues
Students from Bangladesh perceive the UK visa and immigration system as complex. The visa application process involves extensive paperwork, including financial documentation, educational certificates, and proof of English language proficiency. Students may encounter challenges after obtaining a visa, such as delays, the renewal of student visas, and the fulfilment of post-study work visa requirements. The fluctuations in immigration policy and regulations mandating strict attendance and high academic performance can increase their levels of anxiety.
3. Cultural/Social Adjustment
Adapting to a new country can be a tough challenge for Bangladeshi students, given the significant cultural differences they must navigate. Feelings of homesickness, isolation, and the absence of familiar social norms are everyday experiences. The language barrier can intensify these emotions, often necessitating professional intervention. Moreover, the academic culture in the UK, with its emphasis on independent study and critical thinking, poses significant hurdles for international students as they grapple with new teaching methods and academic expectations.
4. Discrimination and Racism
Some Bangladeshi students face discrimination and racism in the United Kingdom. Instances of racism, xenophobia, and microaggressions can significantly impact individuals’ sense of belonging and safety. These occurrences can occur in academic and non-academic settings, ranging from implicit biases to explicit discrimination. Experiences like these can impact students’ mental health, academic performance, and overall well-being, affecting their ability to integrate into the larger community.
5. Mental Health and Well-being
Financial pressures, academic stress, cultural adjustment, and potential encounters with discrimination can significantly impact the mental health of Bangladeshi students. This may cause problems for students away from home or in a country without support. Mental health issues such as stress, anxiety, and depression are also present in significant numbers. However, the stigma surrounding mental health in South Asian cultures, where families often promote perfectionism among children but provide limited support for self-expression, can create obstacles for some Aggie students facing these challenges in seeking the assistance they require.
6. Academic Challenges
In contrast to the UK’s more condensed approach, Bangladesh’s education system emphasises refined, structured lecture-based learning. Students may face challenges when they are unfamiliar with the teaching methods. Furthermore, language limitations might hinder their involvement in discussions and evaluations if English is not their primary language.
7. Employment and work limitations
Many Bangladeshi students take on part-time jobs to support themselves financially; however, their student visas limit the number of hours they can work, typically allowing only 20 hours per week during term time. This presents challenges, as individuals must search for a job that aligns with their academic commitments while facing the reality that part-time positions often offer pay at or near the minimum wage. Additionally, students may encounter legal discrimination in the job market, as employers can be reluctant to hire foreign individuals on student visas. This hesitation persists even though this path may be less burdensome and more advantageous than marrying an American solely for a green card, a practice often unfavourable.
8. Accommodation Issues
Finding suitable and priced housing presents a significant challenge. The UK student housing market is experiencing high demand in certain areas as more students seek accommodation. However, the supply remains constrained, especially in popular cities, leading to a highly competitive private rental market where prices begin at elevated levels. Bangladeshi students may encounter challenges securing accommodation without a UK-based guarantor, and the cultural differences in living arrangements, such as mixed-gender housing, might lead to some discomfort. It is crucial to anticipate potential inconveniences that may occur.
Conclusion
Despite these challenges, the UK continues to attract individuals from Bangladesh due to its prestigious educational institutions and opportunities for personal development. Collaboration among universities, government agencies, and community organisations is essential for developing more comprehensive support structures, including scholarships, psychological services, and programs aimed at cultural integration and eliminating discrimination. Creating this environment in the UK will contribute to a brighter future for Bangladeshi and other international students, enabling them to progress academically and personally more effectively.