By: DR. AZIZUR RAHMAN
There is a higher likelihood of this disease affecting those who identify as black or male. Upon reaching the age of fifty, there is an increased probability of acquiring this particular condition. Recently, there has been a concerning rise in the number of affected individuals under the age of twenty.
Cause
Environmental and hereditary factors increase the risk of colon and rectal cancer by five percent. The role of diet is significant. Consuming an excessive amount of beef or goat meat, a deficiency of dietary fibre, smoking, and alcohol consumption elevate the likelihood of acquiring this malignancy.
Individuals who are obese have a higher probability of developing the condition. Conversely, physical activity, particularly among males, mitigates the likelihood of getting this ailment.
A familial predisposition to colon and rectal cancer increases the probability of developing the condition. A familial history of colon and rectal cancer in the mother, father, brother, or sister doubles the risk.
Moreover, those diagnosed with inflammatory bowel illness exhibit a higher susceptibility to the aforementioned condition.
Symptoms
The early detection of colon cancer poses significant challenges. Initially, the disease does not manifest any symptoms.
Manifestations differ based on the specific location of the cancer within the colon or rectum. The majority of people initially seek medical advice while experiencing hematuria or stomach pain.
The chief signs of the disease are alterations in bowel habits, such as diarrhoea or constipation, and anaemia, which manifests as weakness and shortness of breath.
If the illness is severe, people go to the doctor with symptoms such as profound weight loss, abdominal pains, emesis, and hemoptysis accompanied by a cough. Regrettably, we see individuals with highly advanced diseases, the majority of whom have received inadequate treatment in the past.
Diagnosis
Colonoscopy and biopsy are the primary constituents. After the cancer is identified through biopsy, CT scan, and measurement of antigen levels (CEA) in the blood, the stage of the cancer is determined using a range of diagnostic assays.
The diagnostic phase holds significant importance in the course of treatment. The post-treatment outcomes for early-stage malignancies (Stages I and II) are deemed satisfactory; however, the post-treatment outcomes for late-stage cancers (Stages III and IV) are not deemed promising.
When cancer has spread to locations other than the colon, such as lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and so on, it is considered to have progressed.
Fortunately, colon cancer exhibits a significantly more favourable prognosis following treatment compared to other types of cancer. Patients diagnosed with advanced-stage cancer can achieve a prolonged and satisfactory life with appropriate medical intervention.
Treatment
The definitive treatment for colon cancer is surgical intervention. You can administer chemotherapy either before or after surgery.
Researchers are now examining the use of radiation in surgical procedures. Global cancer treatment commonly employs the term “multidisciplinary approach”. It refers to the collaborative endeavours of many healthcare professionals, such as surgeons, oncologists, psychotherapists, pathologists, and cancer care nurses. This collective effort is essential for achieving success in the battle against cancer.
Be aware
It is important to note that, while cancer is a challenging illness, it can be effectively treated. Patient awareness is paramount in this context. Despite modern medicine, people in Bangladesh continue to hold beliefs in Hakim, Kabiraj, and Jhar-Funk, even in the 21st century.
Government hospitals offer significantly reduced medical bills. Patients must consult with at least an MBBS doctor without prior knowledge of the disease.
Your consciousness will aid in the early detection of the ailment.
If detected at an early stage, it is feasible to entirely eradicate challenging ailments such as cancer. Demonstrate consciousness and maintain good health.